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32 32 || ##$lang## | string | Current language code ||
33 33 || ##$file## | string | Cache file path ||
34 34 || ##$caching## | int | Flag indicating if page should be cached (0 or 1) ||
35   || ---- ||
36   || === Constructor === ||
37   || %%php
38   public function __construct(&$db)
39   %% ||
40   || **Purpose:** Initializes the Http object and sets up HTTP session handling. ||
41   || **Parameters:** ||
42   || - ##$db## - Database object reference ||
43   || **Initialization Steps:** ||
44   || 1. Stores database reference ||
45   || 2. Extracts and normalizes REQUEST_URI ||
46   || 3. Detects TLS/HTTPS session status ||
47   || 4. Determines client's real IP address ||
48   || 5. Sets up TLS mark cookie name ||
49   || 6. Enforces TLS session upgrade if needed ||
50   || **Example:** ||
51   || %%php
52   $http = new Http($db);
53   %% ||
54   || ---- ||
55   || === Core Methods === ||
56   || ==== Session Management ==== ||
57   || ===== ##session($route): void## ===== ||
58   || Initializes the session handler (file-based or database-based). ||
59   || **Parameters:** ||
60   || - ##$route## (int) - Routing flag: ||
61   || - Bit 2 (##$route & 2##): Enable static mode for files/freecap (disables replay prevention and ID regeneration) ||
62   || **Features:** ||
63   || - Selects storage backend (file or database) ||
64   || - Configures cookie settings (security, path, httponly) ||
65   || - Binds IP and TLS validation ||
66   || - Recovers diagnostic logs from previous session ||
67   || **Example:** ||
68   || %%php
69   $http->session(0); // Normal session
70   $http->session(2); // Static file serving mode
71   %% ||
72   || ---- ||
73   || ==== Caching System ==== ||
74   || ===== ##check_cache($page, $method): void## ===== ||
75   || Determines if a page can be cached and prepares the cache check. ||
76   || **Parameters:** ||
77   || - ##$page## (string) - Page name to cache ||
78   || - ##$method## (string) - Request method/action (e.g., 'show', 'edit') ||
79   || **Caching Rules:** ||
80   || - ✅ Enabled for GET requests only ||
81   || - ✅ Disabled for POST requests ||
82   || - ❌ Never cached for 'edit' or 'watch' methods ||
83   || - ✅ Only cached for anonymous users (no logged-in users) ||
84   || **Example:** ||
85   || %%php
86   $http->check_cache('HomePage', 'show');
87   %% ||
88   || ---- ||
89   || ===== ##store_cache(): void## ===== ||
90   || Saves the generated page content to cache file. ||
91   || **Features:** ||
92   || - Retrieves output buffer content ||
93   || - Saves to cache file with proper permissions ||
94   || - Records cache metadata in database ||
95   || - Only executes if caching flag is set and user is anonymous ||
96   || **Example:** ||
97   || %%php
98   // Called at end of page rendering
99   $http->store_cache();
100   %% ||
101   || ---- ||
102   || ===== ##invalidate_page($page): int## ===== ||
103   || Invalidates all cached versions of a page. ||
104   || **Parameters:** ||
105   || - ##$page## (string) - Page name to invalidate ||
106   || **Returns:** ||
107   || - Number of cache entries invalidated ||
108   || **Process:** ||
109   || 1. Finds all cached versions (different methods/languages) ||
110   || 2. Touches files to past timestamp (faster than deletion) ||
111   || 3. Removes entries from cache metadata table ||
112   || 4. Returns count of invalidated caches ||
113   || **Example:** ||
114   || %%php
115   $count = $http->invalidate_page('HomePage');
116   echo "Invalidated $count cache entries";
117   %% ||
118   || ---- ||
119   || ==== TLS/HTTPS Security ==== ||
120   || ===== ##secure_base_url(): void## ===== ||
121   || Switches base URL from HTTP to HTTPS. ||
122   || **Purpose:** ||
123   || - Ensures all subsequent URLs use HTTPS ||
124   || - Stores original HTTP URL for fallback ||
125   || - Called when TLS session is detected ||
126   || **Example:** ||
127   || %%php
128   $http->secure_base_url();
129   // $db->base_url now uses https://
130   %% ||
131   || ---- ||
132   || ===== ##ensure_tls($url): void## ===== ||
133   || Enforces HTTPS for a specific URL and redirects if necessary. ||
134   || **Parameters:** ||
135   || - ##$url## (string) - URL to secure ||
136   || **Behavior:** ||
137   || - If not already HTTPS and TLS is enabled, forces HTTPS redirect ||
138   || - Handles both relative and absolute URLs ||
139   || - Converts relative URLs using current server name ||
140   || **Example:** ||
141   || %%php
142   $http->ensure_tls('/secure/payment');
143   %% ||
144   || ---- ||
145   || ==== IP Address Detection ==== ||
146   || ===== ##real_ip(): string## (Private) ===== ||
147   || Detects client's real IP address accounting for proxies. ||
148   || **Proxy Headers Checked (in order):** ||
149   || 1. ##HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP## ||
150   || 2. ##HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR## (or custom header) ||
151   || 3. ##HTTP_CLIENT_IP## ||
152   || 4. ##HTTP_X_REMOTE_ADDR## ||
153   || 5. ##REMOTE_ADDR## (fallback) ||
154   || **Features:** ||
155   || - Filters out private/reserved IP ranges ||
156   || - Respects configured reverse proxy addresses ||
157   || - Returns ##'0.0.0.0'## as fallback ||
158   || **Configuration in Database:** ||
159   || - ##reverse_proxy_addresses## - Comma/space-separated proxy IPs ||
160   || - ##reverse_proxy_header## - Custom header name (default: ##X-Forwarded-For##) ||
161   || **Example:** ||
162   || %%php
163   $client_ip = $http->ip; // e.g., "203.0.113.42"
164   %% ||
165   || ---- ||
166   || ==== HTTPS Detection ==== ||
167   || ===== ##tls_session(): bool## (Private) ===== ||
168   || Detects if current connection uses HTTPS/TLS. ||
169   || **Checks (any being true = HTTPS):** ||
170   || - ##$_SERVER['HTTPS']## is 'on' ||
171   || - ##$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT']## is 443 ||
172   || - ##$_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO']## is 'https' ||
173   || - ##$_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SSL']## is 'on' ||
174   || - ##$_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PORT']## is 443 ||
175   || ---- ||
176   || ==== Security Headers ==== ||
177   || ===== ##http_security_headers(): void## ===== ||
178   || Sets security-related HTTP headers. ||
179   || **Headers Set:** ||
180   || Header | Purpose | Config Key ||
181   || -------- | --------- | ------------ ||
182   || Content-Security-Policy | XSS/injection protection | ##csp## ||
183   || Permissions-Policy | Control browser features | ##permissions_policy## ||
184   || Referrer-Policy | Control referrer information | ##referrer_policy## ||
185   || Strict-Transport-Security | Force HTTPS | Auto (TLS only) ||
186   || X-Frame-Options | Clickjacking protection | Hardcoded: ##SAMEORIGIN## ||
187   || X-Content-Type-Options | MIME sniffing prevention | Hardcoded: ##nosniff## ||
188   || **CSP Configuration Options:** ||
189   || - ##0## - Disabled ||
190   || - ##1## - Default policy (from ##csp.conf##) ||
191   || - ##2## - Custom policy (from ##csp_custom.conf##) ||
192   || **Example:** ||
193   || %%php
194   $http->http_security_headers();
195   %% ||
196   || ---- ||
197   || ==== HTTP Methods ==== ||
198   || ===== ##redirect($url, $permanent = false): void## ===== ||
199   || Performs an HTTP redirect. ||
200   || **Parameters:** ||
201   || - ##$url## (string) - Target URL ||
202   || - ##$permanent## (bool) - Use 301 (permanent) vs 302 (temporary) ||
203   || **Features:** ||
204   || - Decodes ##&## entities to prevent broken redirects ||
205   || - Only works if headers not yet sent ||
206   || - Uses output buffering to work anywhere in page processing ||
207   || **Example:** ||
208   || %%php
209   $http->redirect('http://example.com/new-page', true); // 301
210   $http->redirect('/wiki/HomePage'); // 302
211   %% ||
212   || ---- ||
213   || ===== ##terminate(): void## ===== ||
214   || Safe exit/die with cleanup. ||
215   || **Cleanup Operations:** ||
216   || - Saves diagnostic logs to session flash data ||
217   || - Ends script execution ||
218   || **Example:** ||
219   || %%php
220   $http->terminate();
221   %% ||
222   || ---- ||
223   || ===== ##status($code): void## ===== ||
224   || Sets HTTP response status code. ||
225   || **Supported Status Codes:** ||
226   || %%php
227   200 => 'OK'
228   206 => 'Partial Content'
229   301 => 'Moved Permanently'
230   302 => 'Moved Temporarily'
231   304 => 'Not Modified'
232   400 => 'Bad Request'
233   401 => 'Unauthorized'
234   403 => 'Forbidden'
235   404 => 'Not Found'
236   405 => 'Method Not Allowed'
237   409 => 'Conflict'
238   410 => 'Gone'
239   416 => 'Requested Range Not Satisfiable'
240   500 => 'Internal Server Error'
241   501 => 'Not Implemented'
242   503 => 'Service Unavailable'
243   %% ||
244   || **Example:** ||
245   || %%php
246   $http->status(404); // Send 404 Not Found
247   %% ||
248   || ---- ||
249   || ==== Caching Control ==== ||
250   || ===== ##no_cache($client_only = true): void## ===== ||
251   || Disables caching of the current page. ||
252   || **Parameters:** ||
253   || - ##$client_only## (bool, default: TRUE) ||
254   || - ##TRUE##: Disable browser cache only ||
255   || - ##FALSE##: Disable both browser and server cache ||
256   || **Headers Set:** ||
257   || - ##Last-Modified: <current-time>## (always fresh) ||
258   || - ##Cache-Control: no-store## ||
259   || **Example:** ||
260   || %%php
261   $http->no_cache(); // Client-side only
262   $http->no_cache(false); // Both client & server
263   %% ||
264   || ---- ||
265   || ===== ##cache_promisc(): void## ===== ||
266   || Marks page as publicly cacheable. ||
267   || **Headers Set:** ||
268   || - ##Cache-Control: public## ||
269   || **Example:** ||
270   || %%php
271   $http->cache_promisc();
272   %% ||
273   || ---- ||
274   || ==== Language Negotiation ==== ||
275   || ===== ##user_agent_language(): string## ===== ||
276   || Determines best language based on browser preferences. ||
277   || **Features:** ||
278   || - Follows RFC 9110 section 12.5.4 (HTTP Accept-Language) ||
279   || - Parses ##Accept-Language## header with quality factors ||
280   || - Attempts exact match first, then language fallback ||
281   || - Falls back to default system language ||
282   || **Example Header:** ||
283   || %%
284   Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9,de;q=0.8
285   %% ||
286   || **Returns:** ||
287   || - Language code (e.g., 'en', 'en-US', 'de') ||
288   || ---- ||
289   || ===== ##available_languages($subset = true): array## ===== ||
290   || Returns list of available language translations. ||
291   || **Parameters:** ||
292   || - ##$subset## (bool, default: TRUE) ||
293   || - ##TRUE##: Only allowed languages ||
294   || - ##FALSE##: All available languages ||
295   || **Features:** ||
296   || - Scans ##LANG_DIR## for language files ||
297   || - Filters by ##allowed_languages## config if set ||
298   || - Caches result in session ||
299   || - System language always included ||
300   || **Returns:** ||
301   || - Associative array: ##['en' => 'en', 'de' => 'de', ...]## ||
302   || **Example:** ||
303   || %%php
304   $all_langs = $http->available_languages(false);
305   $allowed = $http->available_languages(true);
306   %% ||
307   || ---- ||
308   || ==== File Serving ==== ||
309   || ===== ##sendfile($path, $filename = null, $age = null): void## ===== ||
310   || Serves files with proper HTTP headers and caching. ||
311   || **Parameters:** ||
312   || - ##$path## (string) - File path (or HTTP_XXX constant for error pages) ||
313   || - ##$filename## (string, optional) - Custom download filename ||
314   || - ##$age## (int, optional) - Cache age in days ||
315   || **Features:** ||
316   || - HTTP range request support (partial file downloads) ||
317   || - ETag and Last-Modified conditional requests ||
318   || - Proper MIME type detection ||
319   || - Content-Security-Policy for special file types ||
320   || - Streaming for large files ||
321   || - GZip compression for text files ||
322   || **Special Paths:** ||
323   || %%php
324   $http->sendfile(404); // Serves file defined by HTTP_404 constant
325   $http->sendfile(403); // Serves file defined by HTTP_403 constant
326   %% ||
327   || **Example:** ||
328   || %%php
329   $http->sendfile('uploads/document.pdf', 'my-document.pdf', 30);
330   %% ||
331   || ---- ||
332   || ===== ##mime_type($path): string## ===== ||
333   || Returns MIME type for a file. ||
334   || **Returns:** ||
335   || - MIME type string (e.g., 'application/pdf') ||
336   || - Default: ##'application/octet-stream'## ||
337   || **Example:** ||
338   || %%php
339   $mime = $http->mime_type('file.pdf'); // 'application/pdf'
340   %% ||
341   || ---- ||
342   || ===== ##mime_types(): array## (Private) ===== ||
343   || Loads and caches MIME types from configuration. ||
344   || **Features:** ||
345   || - Reads from ##config/mime.types## ||
346   || - Caches to ##cache/config/mime.types## ||
347   || - Reloads if config is updated ||
348   || ---- ||
349   || ==== Compression ==== ||
350   || ===== ##gzip(): void## ===== ||
351   || Compresses HTTP response with gzip/x-gzip. ||
352   || **Features:** ||
353   || - Manually implements gzip (not relying on zlib.output_compression) ||
354   || - Produces correct ##Content-Length## header ||
355   || - Only compresses if: ||
356   || - 860 bytes < content < 1 MB ||
357   || - Client accepts compression ||
358   || - Headers not already sent ||
359   || **Example:** ||
360   || %%php
361   $http->gzip();
362   %% ||
363   || ---- ||
364   || ==== Utility Methods ==== ||
365   || ===== ##parse_str($str): array## (Private) ===== ||
366   || Parses URL-encoded strings with special character handling. ||
367   || **Purpose:** ||
368   || - Safely handles special characters in query/form data ||
369   || - Converts encoding properly ||
370   || **Example:** ||
371   || %%php
372   $data = $http->parse_str('name=John&age=30');
373   %% ||
374   || ---- ||
375   || ===== ##request_uri(): string## (Private) ===== ||
376   || Extracts and normalizes REQUEST_URI from server. ||
377   || **Normalization:** ||
378   || - Removes base URL prefix ||
379   || - Removes spaces ||
380   || - Collapses multiple slashes ||
381   || - Removes ##..## path traversal attempts ||
382   || - Removes leading/trailing slashes ||
383   || ---- ||
384   || ===== ##cut_prefix($prefix, $path): string## (Private) ===== ||
385   || Removes prefix from path (case-insensitive). ||
386   || ---- ||
387   || ===== ##get_header_conf($file_name): string## (Private) ===== ||
388   || Loads security header configuration from files. ||
389   || **Files Supported:** ||
390   || - ##csp.conf## / ##csp_custom.conf## ||
391   || - ##permissions_policy.conf## / ##permissions_policy_custom.conf## ||
392   || ---- ||
393   || === Configuration Dependencies === ||
394   || The class relies on these database configuration settings: ||
395   || Setting | Type | Purpose ||
396   || --------- | ------ | --------- ||
397   || ##base_url## | string | Wiki's base URL ||
398   || ##tls## | bool | Enable HTTPS enforcement ||
399   || ##cache## | bool | Enable page caching ||
400   || ##cache_ttl## | int | Cache lifetime in seconds ||
401   || ##session_store## | int | 1=File, 0=Database ||
402   || ##system_seed_hash## | string | Session encryption seed ||
403   || ##cookie_prefix## | string | Session cookie prefix ||
404   || ##cookie_path## | string | Cookie path ||
405   || ##allow_persistent_cookie## | bool | Allow persistent login ||
406   || ##session_length## | int | Session lifetime in seconds ||
407   || ##reverse_proxy_addresses## | string | Comma/space-separated proxy IPs ||
408   || ##reverse_proxy_header## | string | Custom X-Forwarded header ||
409   || ##language## | string | Default language code ||
410   || ##multilanguage## | bool | Enable language negotiation ||
411   || ##allowed_languages## | string | Comma/space-separated allowed langs ||
412   || ##enable_security_headers## | bool | Send security headers ||
413   || ##csp## | int | CSP setting (0/1/2) ||
414   || ##permissions_policy## | int | Permissions-Policy setting (0/1/2) ||
415   || ##referrer_policy## | int | Referrer-Policy setting (0-8) ||
416   || ---- ||
417   || === Constants Used === ||
418   || Constant | Type | Purpose ||
419   || ---------- | ------ | --------- ||
420   || ##IN_WACKO## | bool | Security check (exit if not defined) ||
421   || ##CHMOD_SAFE## | int | File permissions for cache files ||
422   || ##CHMOD_FILE## | int | File permissions for config cache ||
423   || ##CACHE_PAGE_DIR## | string | Page cache directory ||
424   || ##CACHE_SESSION_DIR## | string | Session cache directory ||
425   || ##CACHE_CONFIG_DIR## | string | Config cache directory ||
426   || ##CONFIG_DIR## | string | Configuration directory ||
427   || ##LANG_DIR## | string | Language files directory ||
428   || ##DAYSECS## | int | Seconds in a day (86400) ||
429   || ##HTTP_404## | string | Path to 404 error page ||
430   || ##HTTP_403## | string | Path to 403 error page ||
431   |#
432  
433   ----
434  
435   === Workflow Examples ===
436  
437   ==== Example 1: Handling a GET Request ====
438  
439   %%php
440   // In main wiki entry point
441   $http = new Http($db);
442   $http->session(0); // Start session
443  
444   // Check if page can be served from cache
445   $http->check_cache('HomePage', 'show');
446  
447   // ... render page content ...
448  
449   // Store rendered page in cache if applicable
450   $http->store_cache();
451  
452   // Send security headers
453   $http->http_security_headers();
454  
455   // Possibly compress output
456   $http->gzip();
457   %%
458  
459   ==== Example 2: Handling TLS/HTTPS Upgrade ====
460  
461   %%php
462   $http = new Http($db); // Constructor detects TLS requirement
463   // If TLS is enabled and user wasn't in TLS before:
464   // - Sets TLS session flag
465   // - Marks session with TLS cookie
466   // - Redirects to HTTPS version
467   %%
468  
469   ==== Example 3: Invalidating Cache After Page Edit ====
470  
471   %%php
472   // User edits a page
473   $http = new Http($db);
474   $count = $http->invalidate_page('HomePage');
475   // All cached versions (different languages, methods) are invalidated
476   %%
477  
478   ==== Example 4: Serving a File ====
479  
480   %%php
481   $http = new Http($db);
482   $http->session(2); // Static file mode - no session replay prevention
483  
484   // Serve with 30-day cache
485   $http->sendfile('uploads/manual.pdf', 'user-manual.pdf', 30);
486   %%
487  
488   ----
489  
  35 |
490 36 === Security Considerations ===
491 37
492 38 ==== 1. **IP Address Spoofing** ====